Resources on Planetary Health
date : 5/7/2026
Note: Most resources are available in English only.
Academic Resources
| Type | Title | Year | Author/Publisher | Abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Essay/Review | 保健医療分野におけるカーボンニュートラルと健康影響（Health Impacts of Climate Change and Carbon Neutrality in the Healthcare Sector） | 2023 | Masahiro Hashizume | The author explains health impacts of climate change and carbon neutrality in the healthcare sector based on "Review of IPCC Evidence 2022: climate change, health, and well-being" by World Health Organization. |
| Article | Consumption in the G20 nations causes particulate air pollution resulting in two million premature deaths annually | 2021 | Keisuke Nansai, Susumu Tohno, Satoru Chatani, Keiichiro Kanemoto, Shigemi Kagawa, Yasushi Kondo, Wataru Takayanagi & Manfred Lenzen | Worldwide exposure to ambient PM2.5 causes over 4 million premature deaths annually. This paper quantifies the global footprint of PM2.5-driven premature deaths for the 19 G20 nations in a position to lead such efforts. G20 consumption in 2010 was responsible for 1.983 [95% Confidence Interval: 1.685–2.285] million premature deaths, at an average age of 67, including 78.6 [71.5–84.8] thousand infant deaths, implying that the G20 lifetime consumption of about 28 [24–33] people claims one life. The results indicate that G20 nations should take responsibility for their footprint rather than focusing solely on transboundary air pollution, as this would expand opportunities for reducing PM2.5-driven premature mortality. Given the infant mortality footprint identified, it would moreover contribute to ensuring infant lives are not unfairly left behind in countries like South Africa, which have a weak relationship with G20 nations. |
| International Organization | Climate change and health | 2021 | World Health Organization (WHO) | This article summarizes the health impacts of climate change. Climate change is directly contributing to humanitarian emergencies from heatwaves, wildfires, floods, tropical storms and hurricanes and they are increasing in scale, frequency and intensity. Research shows that 3.6 billion people already live in areas highly susceptible to climate change. Between 2030 and 2050, climate change is expected to cause approximately 250 000 additional deaths per year, from undernutrition, malaria, diarrhoea and heat stress alone. The direct damage costs to health is estimated to be between US$ 2–4 billion per year by 2030. Areas with weak health infrastructure will be the least able to cope without assistance to prepare and respond. Reducing emissions of greenhouse gases through better transport, food and energy use choices can result in very large gains for health, particularly through reduced air pollution. |
| International Organization | Climate Action Fast Facts | n.d. | United Nations | Fact sheets that summarize the main points about climate change and their respective impacts (temperature rise, economy, labor, reused energy, finance, adaptation measures, food and agriculture, nature, health, oceans, water, early warning, bioequity, and transportation). |
| International Organization | Fast Facts on climate and health | n.d. | United Nations | One of the fact sheets by the UN that shows the relationship between health and climate change. Climate change threatens human health, affecting air pollution, disease, extreme weather events, forced migration, food insecurity, and mental health. Each year, environmental factors account for about 13 million deaths, and achieving the goals of the Paris Agreement could save about 1 million lives a year worldwide by 2050 through air pollution reduction alone. |
| International Organization | 2021 WHO Health and Climate Change Survey Report | 2021 | World Health Organization (WHO) | The survey is sent to the national health authorities, who in collaboration with other relevant ministries and stakeholders, provide updated information on key areas including: leadership and governance, national vulnerability and adaptation assessments, emergency preparedness, disease surveillance, adaptation and resilience measures, climate and health finance, and mitigation in the health sector. |
| International Organization | Global climate change and child health: training for health care providers | 2019 | World Health Organization (WHO) | These slides from WHO explains the relationship between climate change and children's health to healthcare professionals. It explains the particular impacts on children and mitigation measures in the healthcare industry. Children require more air, water, and food than adults, and their unique vulnerabilities further amplify their vulnerability to the health impacts of climate change. |
| Report | The 2023 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: the imperative for a health-centred response in a world facing irreversible harms | 2023 | Marina Romanello, PhD Claudia di Napoli, PhD Carole Green, MPH Harry Kennard, PhD Pete Lampard, PhD Daniel Scamman, PhD et al. | The Lancet Countdown is an international research collaboration that independently monitors the evolving impacts of climate change on health, and the emerging health opportunities of climate action. In its eighth iteration, this 2023 report draws on the expertise of 114 scientists and health practitioners from 52 research institutions and UN agencies worldwide to provide its most comprehensive assessment yet. |
| Report | The 2022 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: health at the mercy of fossil fuels | 2022 | Marina Romanello, PhD Claudia di Napoli, PhD Paul Drummond, MSc Carole Green, BA Harry Kennard, PhD Pete Lampard, PhD et al. | The Lancet Countdown is an international research collaboration that independently monitors the evolving impacts of climate change on health, and the emerging health opportunities of climate action. In its eighth iteration, this 2023 report draws on the expertise of 114 scientists and health practitioners from 52 research institutions and UN agencies worldwide to provide its most comprehensive assessment yet. |
| Portal Site | Global Heat Health Information Network (GHHIN) | n.d. | World Health Organization (WHO) & World Meteorological Organization (WMO) | Comprehensive up-to-date information on heat-related issues around the world, including information, reports, seminars, and conferences in various countries and regions. |
| Portal Site | HEAT.gov | n.d. | U.S. Department of Commerce | This is a website operated by the U.S. that provides comprehensive information on heat-related issues. The site provides all kinds of information to prevent health hazards caused by heat, including heat warnings, surveillance information, future climate projections, vulnerability maps, and the latest research findings. |
| International Organization | From the G7 Health Communiqué to Action: Health and Climate GHHIN | 2022 | Global Heat Health Information Network | Summary of the online meeting "From the G7 Health Communiqué to Action: Health and Climate - Heat Preparedness through Early Warning Systems" on November 29. It shows the current situation and challenges faced by G7 countries in heat preparedness. |
| International Organization | Health and Climate: Heat Preparedness through Early Warning Systems | 2022 | World Health Organization (WHO) & World Meteorological Organization (WMO) | The report is based on the content of the online meeting held on November 29, 2022. This report captures the expert discussions during the event on the state of implementation, opportunities, challenges and advances in protecting communities from increasing extreme heat. |
| Report | HEAT EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS ROUNDTABLE | 2023 | Global Heat Health Information Network | A report based on discussions at the roundtable, where experts from around the world gathered in Washington, DC, USA, in February 2023 to discuss scaling up heat stroke early warning systems. |
| International Organization | Heat and Health | 2018 | World Health Organization (WHO) | Fact sheet on heat and health prepared by the World Health Organization (WHO). It describes the population affected, the indirect and direct effects, and what measures should be taken. |
| International Organization | Public health advice on preventing health effects of heat | 2011 | World Health Organization (WHO) | A public health guideline for the health effects of heat, prepared by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2011. |
| International Organization | Heatwaves and health: guidance on warning-system development | 2016 | World Health Organization (WHO) & World Meteorological Organization (WMO) | This is a guidance on warning-system development that has been developed jointly by WMO and WHO to outline for practitioners the issues surrounding the general heat–health problem. |
| International Organization | Mental health and Climate Change: Policy Brief | 2022 | World Health Organization (WHO) | Climate change exacerbates many social, environmental and economic risk factors for problems in mental health and psychosocial wellbeing. WHO has developed a policy brief describing the interconnections between climate change and mental health and providing five key recommendations. |
| Report | Quality criteria for the evaluation of climate-informed early warning systems for infectious diseases | 2021 | World Health Organization (WHO) | This guide by WHO aims to outline key technical and operational criteria surrounding the performance, application, implementation and effectiveness of EWS for multiple infectious disease outbreaks. |
| News Story | WHO launches a new Global Initiative on Digital Health supported by the G20 Presidency | 2023 | World Health Organization (WHO) | An article about the World Health Organization (WHO) launching a new global initiative on digital health with the support of the G20 presidency. |
| Tool | EUROMOMO （欧州のリアルタイムサーベイランスシステム） | n.d. | EuroMOMO | EuroMOMO is a European mortality monitoring activity, aiming to detect and measure excess deaths related to seasonal influenza, pandemics and other public health threats. |
| Article | Heat-related mortality in Europe during the summer of 2022 | 2023 | Joan Ballester, Marcos Quijal-Zamorano, Raúl Fernando Méndez Turrubiates, Ferran Pegenaute, François R. Herrmann, Jean Marie Robine, Xavier Basagaña, Cathryn Tonne, Josep M. Antó & Hicham Achebak | Over 70,000 excess deaths occurred in Europe during the summer of 2003. The research estimated 61,672 heat-related deaths in Europe between 30 May and 4 September 2022. |
| News Story | FACT SHEET: President Biden Announces New Actions to Protect Workers and Communities from Extreme Heat | 2023 | THE WHITE HOUSE, U.S. | A White House fact sheet stating that President Biden's request that the Department of Labor issue its first ever heat-related hazard warning and step up efforts to protect workers from the effects of extreme heat. |
| Portal Site | Environmental and Health Data Portal/ Climate and Health | n.d. | New York City, U.S. | This site provides comprehensive information on climate and health in New York City. |
| News Story | WHO urges 'surveillance system' for those most vulnerable to extreme heat | 2023 | Eric Stober | This article describes how the WHO is encouraging countries to set up a "strong surveillance system" to aid those most vulnerable to the health risks of extreme heat. |
| Essay/Review | Climate change, biodiversity loss and mental health: a global perspective | 2022 | Paolo Cianconi, Daniele Hirsch, Stefania Chiappini, Giovanni Martinotti and Luigi Janiri | Climate change can have various psychopathological manifestations. Extreme weather events and environmental changes have been shown to be associated with a range of mental health problems. |
| Essay/Review | Transdisciplinary Research Priorities for Human and Planetary Health in the Context of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development | 2020 | Kristie L Ebi, Frances Harris, Giles B Sioen, Chadia Wannous, Assaf Anyamba, Peng Bi, Melanie Boeckmann, Kathryn Bowen, Guéladio Cissé, Purnamita Dasgupta, Gabriel O Dida, Alexandros Gasparatos, Franz Gatzweiler, Firouzeh Javadi, Sakiko Kanbara, Brama Kone, Bruce Maycock, Andy Morse, Takahiro Murakami, Adetoun Mustapha, Montira Pongsiri, Gerardo Suzán, Chiho Watanabe, Anthony Capon | This review paper outlines a research agenda to address cross-cutting knowledge gaps to further understanding and management of the health risks of global environmental changes. |
| Recommendation | An urgent need for COP27: confronting converging crises | 2023 | Jim Falk, Rita R. Colwell, Swadhin K. Behera, Adel S. El-Beltagy, Peter H. Gleick, Charles F. Kennel, Yuan Tseh Lee, Cherry A. Murray, Ismail Serageldin, Kazuhiko Takeuchi, Tetsuzo Yasunari, Chiho Watanabe, Joanne Kauffman, Kurt Soderland, Ismahane Elouafi, Raj Paroda, Ashok K. Chapagain, John Rundle, Naota Hanasaki, Haruo Hayashi, Ebun Akinsete & Sachiko Hayashida | Recommendations for addressing environmental issues, acting as an urgent message to COP27. |
| Article | Safe and just Earth system boundaries | 2023 | Johan Rockström | This article uses modelling and literature assessment to quantify safe and just Earth system boundaries (ESBs) for climate, the biosphere, water and nutrient cycles, and aerosols at global and subglobal scales. |
| Essay/Review | Safeguarding human health in the Anthropocene epoch | 2015 | Dr Sarah Whitmee, PhD Prof Andy Haines, FMedSci Prof Chris Beyrer, MD Frederick Boltz, PhD Prof Anthony G Capon, PhD Braulio Ferreira de Souza Dias, PhD Alex Ezeh, PhD Howard Frumkin, MD Prof Peng Gong, PhD Peter Head, BSc Richard Horton, FMedSci Prof Georgina M Mace, DPhil Robert Marten, MPH Samuel S Myers, MD Sania Nishtar, PhD Steven A Osofsky, DVM Prof Subhrendu K Pattanayak, PhD Montira J Pongsiri, PhD Cristina Romanelli, MSc Agnes Soucat, PhD Jeanette Vega, MD Derek Yach, MBChB | The concept of planetary health has expanded through this paper. The paper identify three categories of challenges that have to be addressed to maintain and enhance human health in the face of increasingly harmful environmental trends. |
| Essay/Review | 人新世の健康学 | 2021 | Chiho Watanabe | This is a summary of the awareness of issues in health and environmental issues. |
| Essay/Review | プラネタリーヘルスと資源の循環（Planetary Health and Resource Circulation） | 2022 | Chiho Watanabe | This editorial is a background and critical approach to planetary health. |
| Article | Estimating the global risk of anthropogenic climate change | 2021 | Alexandre K. Magnan, Hans-Otto Pörtner, Virginie K. E. Duvat, Matthias Garschagen, Valeria A. Guinder, Zinta Zommers, Ove Hoegh-Guldberg & Jean-Pierre Gattuso | This article develops a scoring system to translate qualitative IPCC risk assessments into risk scores that describe global risk from climate change. |
| International Organization | What is Climate Change? | n.d. | United Nations | The UN website that explains climate change, what climate change is, why it happens, and the effects of climate change. |
| Report | Sixth Assessment Report | 2021 | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change | Sixth Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) |
| Recommendation | The relationship between climate change, health, and the humanitarian response | 2022 | Louisa Baxter, Catherine R McGowan, Sandra Smiley, Liliana Palacios, Carol Devine, and Cristian Casademont | This is a proposal submitted by members of Médecins Sans Frontières about climate change causing a cascade of crises on local communities. |
| Essay/Review | Extreme Weather and Climate Change: Population Health and Health System Implications | 2021 | Kristie L. Ebi, Jennifer Vanos, Jane W. Baldwin, Jesse E. Bell, David M. Hondula, Nicole A. Errett, Katie Hayes, Colleen E. Reid, Shubhayu Saha, June Spector, and Peter Berry | This review examines the current impacts and projected risks of climate change on the health of populations and health systems from extreme weather and climate events and from wildfires. |
| Article | Talking about Climate Change and Environmental Degradation with Patients in Primary Care: A Cross-Sectional Survey on Knowledge, Potential Domains of Action and Points of View of General Practitioners | 2022 | Hélène André, Julia Gonzalez Holguera, Anneliese Depoux, Jérôme Pasquier, Dagmar M Haller, Pierre-Yves Rodondi, Joëlle Schwarz, Nicolas Senn | The aim of this study was to assess GPs' knowledge and perspectives about the health impacts of climate change. The results showed a high level of self-reported knowledge regarding climate change. |
| Article | Discussing climate change and other forms of global environmental change during the clinical encounter: Exploring US physicians' perspectives | 2021 | Alanya C.L. den Boer, Arianne Teherani, Evelien de Hoop | This paper presents an initial qualitative exploration of United States physicians' perspectives with regard to whether, why and how physicians might discuss the health effects of global environmental change with their patients. |
| Article | Views of health professionals on climate change and health: a multinational survey study | 2021 | John Kotcher, PhD Edward Maibach, PhD Jeni Miller, PhD Eryn Campbell, MS Lujain Alqodmani, MD Marina Maiero et al. | This research reports findings from a large, multinational survey of health professionals (n=4654) that examined their views of climate change as a human health issue. |
| Essay/Review | Consecutive extreme flooding and heat wave in Japan: Are they becoming a norm? | 2019 | Simon S.-Y. Wang, Hyungjun Kim, Dim Coumou, Jin-Ho Yoon, Lin Zhao, Robert R. Gillies | In July 2018, Japan experienced two contrasting, yet consecutive, extreme events: a devastating flood in early July followed by unprecedented heat waves a week later. |
| Report | 令和4年版 防災白書（White Paper on Disaster Management 2022） | 2021 | Cabinet Office | The White Paper on Disaster Management in Japan is a report designated by law to be drawn up and reported annually to the ordinary session of the Diet. |
| Report | 気候変動影響評価報告書 詳細（Assessment Report on Climate Change Impacts in Japan） | 2020 | Ministry of the Environment, Japan | This report is an assessment of the kinds of impacts climate change could have on Japan, in a total of 71 categories in seven sectors. |
| Article | Estimating excess mortality due to the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic analysis of COVID-19-related mortality, 2020–21 | 2022 | Wang H, Paulson KR, Pease SA | This paper aims to estimate excess mortality from the COVID-19 pandemic in 191 countries and territories. The research finding shows that 18.2 million people died worldwide because of the COVID-19 pandemic over that period. |
| News Story | WHO issues urgent call for global climate action to create resilient and sustainable health systems. 2023 | 2022 | World Health Organization (WHO) | An article about how panelists made an impassioned plea for urgent climate action at the World Health Assembly. |
| Article | Prescription for healing the climate crisis: Insights on how to activate health professionals to advocate for climate and health solutions | 2021 | Kate T. Luong, John Kotcher, Jeni Miller, Eryn Campbell, Elissa Epel, Mona Sarfaty, and Edward Maibach | This paper analyzed data from a Fall 2020 survey of health professionals suggesting that many health professionals around the world are potentially ready to engage in advocacy for health-protecting climate solutions. |
| Recommendation | Mitigating and adapting to climate change: a call to public health professionals | 2015 | Mirko S Winkler, Martin Röösli, Martina S Ragettli, Guéladio Cissé, Pie Müller, Jürg Utzinger, Laura Perez | A recommendation stating that public health professionals need and have the responsibility to be at the forefront in shaping strategies to reduce impact and vulnerability of climate change and increase resilience. |
| Essay/Review | Limiting global warming to 1.5 to 2.0°C-A unique and necessary role for health professionals | 2019 | Edward W. Maibach, Mona Sarfaty, Mark Mitchell, and Rob Gould | An editorial discussing the important role of health professionals in future responses to threats of climate change. |
| Essay/Review | Communication research to improve engagement with climate change and human health: A review. | 2023 | Eryn Campbell, Sri Saahitya Uppalapati, John Kotcher, Edward Maibach | This review briefly discusses the human health harms of climate change, climate and health solutions, and provide a thorough synthesis of social science research on climate and health communication. |
| Article | Physicians' views of patient-planetary health co-benefit prescribing: a mixed methods systematic review | 2023 | Redvers N | Using patient–planetary health co-benefit prescribing framing, this paper did a mixed methods systematic review to identify barriers and facilitators to adopting P–PH co-benefit prescribing by physicians. |
| Essay/Review | 地球規模気候変動による健康と疾病への影響（Effects of Global Climate Change on Health and Diseases） | 1989 | Mitsuru Ando | Effects on morbidity and mortality following both global warming and ultraviolet (UV-B) radiation increase are summarized. |
| Essay/Review | 世界のHuman Biomonitoringと日本の課題：実践と政策応用（World Trends in Human Biomonitoring and Challenges in Japan: Implementation and Application in Policy Making） | 2020 | Shoji NAKAYAMA | This review introduces human biomonitoring (HBM) in U.S., Germany, Canada and Korea and recommends that HBM with representativeness be implemented in Japan. |
| Essay/Review | 廃棄物処分場浸出水中のPCNs，PFASs，HCBDおよびHBCD濃度の実態把握に向けた国内外における研究動向（Trends in Domestic and International Research for the Determination of PCNs, PFASs, HCBD and HBCD Concentrations in Landfill Leachates） | 2021 | Yoshinori Yabuki | PFASs including PFOA and PFOS have been detected in the order of thousands of ng/L from landfill leachates. Further research with monitoring and prediction models for landfill fields is still required. |
| Article | Hokkaido birth cohort study on environment and children's health: cohort profile 2021 | 2017 | Reiko Kishi, Atsuko Ikeda-Araki, Chihiro Miyashita, Sachiko Itoh, et al. | The Hokkaido Study on Environment and Children's Health is an ongoing study consisting of two birth cohorts examining the effects that low-level environmental chemical exposures have on birth outcomes. |
| Article | Presence of Microplastics in Four Types of Shellfish Purchased at Fish Markets in Okayama City, Japan | 2021 | Ken-ichi Yamamoto et al. | This paper examined the presence of microplastics in four types of shellfish purchased from fish markets in Okayama, Japan. |
| Recommendation | マイクロプラスチックによる水環境汚染の生態・健康影響研究の必要性とプラスチックのガバナンス（The pollution of water environment by microplastics: The Need for Ecological and Health Effects Research and the Governance of Plastics） | 2020 | Science Council of Japan | The Government of Japan should urgently investigate the origin of microplastics in the ocean and promote cross-disciplinary basic and epidemiological research on the toxic effects on organisms and humans. |
| Article | The effect of the 2018 Japan Floods on cognitive decline among long-term care insurance users in Japan: a retrospective cohort study | 2021 | Shuhei Yoshida et al. | This study showed that elderly living at home during the 2018 Japan Floods were at risk for cognitive decline. |
| Article | Changes in the factors contributing to the reduction of landslide fatalities between 1945 and 2019 in Japan | 2022 | Yoshinori Shinohara, Tomonori Kume | Japan has succeeded in reducing the number of landslide fatalities. This study identified the factors that contributed to the decrease in fatalities associated with rainfall-triggered landslides in Japan between 1945 and 2019. |
| Article | 熊本県旧倉岳町における天草大水害と移転復興（Flood Disaster and Collective Relocation at Kuratake Town, Amakusa Area: Resettlement and in the Aftermath） | 2014 | Miwa Abe | This study examines the process of collective relocation of the impacted people in the Amakusa area following the 1972 flood disaster. |
| Article | 近年の土砂災害による死者・行方不明者数の経年変動（The recent trend in annual death toll by landslide disasters in Japan） | 2016 | Yoshinori Shinohara and Hikaru Komatsu | This study examined the trend in the number of deaths by landslide disasters. The decrease in the number of houses involved in landslide disasters is the dominant factor in the reduced death toll. |
| Article | Associations Between Perceived Environmental Pollution and Mental Health in Middle-Aged and Older Adults in East Asia | 2020 | Takashi Yamashita, Giyeon Kim, and Anthony R. Bardo | Greater perceived pollution indicators were associated with poorer mental health, even after adjusting for covariates in China, Japan, and South Korea. |
| Article | メチル水銀汚染地域住民のメンタルヘルスの状態とその関連要因（Factors Relating to the Conditions and Characteristics of Mental Health among the Inhabitants in a Methylmercury Polluted Area） | 2005 | Kayo USHIJIMA, Masahiro SHONO, Takao KITANO and Makoto FUTATSUKA | Depression and anxiety of the inhabitants may be directly caused by the health condition in methylmercury-polluted areas. |
| Essay/Review | 気候変動と食料システム（Climate Change and Food Systems） | 2022 | Toshihiro Hasegawa | Global warming and associated changes in precipitation patterns caused by greenhouse gas emissions affect food production and availability, utilization, and stability of food security. |
| Essay/Review | 地球温暖化に伴う健康リスク（Health Risk Evaluation of Global Warming） | 1990 | Mitsuru Ando | Global warming may lead to changes in morbidity and mortality. It directly affects the ecosystem and alters the human hazards such as parasites, pathogens, pesticides and chemical pollutants. |
| Article | Climate change anxiety and mental health: Environmental activism as buffer | 2022 | Sarah E. O. Schwartz, Laelia Benoit, Susan Clayton, McKenna F. Parnes, Lance Swenson & Sarah R. Lowe | This mixed methods study found that engaging in collective action significantly attenuated the association between climate change anxiety and depression symptoms. |
| Essay/Review | Climate change and mental health research methods, gaps, and priorities: a scoping review | 2022 | Alison R Hwong, MD Margaret Wang, MD Hammad Khan, MD D Nyasha Chagwedera, MD Adrienne Grzenda, MD Benjamin Doty, PhD et al. | To summarise key advances and gaps in the current state of climate change and mental health studies, we conducted a scoping review that comprehensively examined research methodologies using large-scale datasets. |
| News Story | Special Issue: Climate Change and Migration | n.d. | Migration Policy Institute (MPI) | This special issue examines the connection between climate change and migration through historical, scientific, and legal overviews, on a global scale and in individual countries. |
| Report | Public Health Situation Analysis: El Niño | 2023 | World Health Organization (WHO) | This Public Health Situation Analysis identifies the current and potential health impacts that vulnerable populations may face as a result of the global El Niño climate event. |
| Essay/Review | 公衆衛生分野における気候変動の影響と適応策（Public health impacts of climate change and adaptation measures in Japan） | 2020 | Masahiro Hashizume | The author summarizes the health chapter of the Ministry of the Environment's Climate Change Impact Assessment Report released in December 2020. |
| Report | 日本における気候変動による影響の評価に関する報告と今後の課題について（Report on Assessment of Impacts of Climate Change in Japan and Future Challenges） | 2015 | Central Environment Council of the Ministry of the Environment, Japan | From the scientific perspective, this report summarizes what kind of impacts could be occurring due to climate change in Japan. |
| Article | Effects of high ambient temperature on ambulance dispatches in different age groups in Fukuoka, Japan | 2018 | Kazuya Kotani, Kayo Ueda, Xerxes Seposo, Shusuke Yasukochia, Hiroko Matsumoto, Masaji Ono | This study examined the association of temperature with ambulance dispatches due to acute illnesses, stratified by age group in Fukuoka, Japan. |
| Portal Site | Climate and health resources – C-CHANGE | 2018 | Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health | Harvard School of Public Health Website |
| Portal Site | Resources for climate resilient and low carbon health systems | 2018 | World Health Organization (WHO) | Alliance for Transformative Action on Climate and Health (ATACH), initiated by the UK, World Health Organization (WHO), and others. |
| Essay/Review | サステイナビリティ・サイエンスの展開—人新世の時代を見据えて—（Evolution of Sustainability Science in the Era of Anthropocene） | 2023 | Tomohiro TASAKI, Yasuko KAMEYAMA, Toshihiko MASUI, et al. | After revisiting the trends in science and the progress in conceptual studies of sustainability, we considered the prospects of sustainability science in the era of the Anthropocene. |
| Recommendation | Planetary Health Roadmap and Action Plan | 2024 | Planetary Health Alliance | A resource developed by over 100 members and representatives of the global Planetary Health community to empower individuals, communities, and organizations to drive meaningful societal shift. This document is a framework and primer for understanding the complex challenges in Planetary Health and offers clear, concrete strategies for addressing them at all levels. |
| Statement | Secretary-General's press conference - on Extreme Heat | 2024 | United Nations | This press conference by the UN Secretary-General places emphasis on the unprecedented global heatwave, its impacts, and the urgent need for climate action. |
| News Story | 持ち越しのプラごみ条約交渉、8月スイスで再開 今度こそ合意なるか [Negotiations on the plastic waste treaty, which were carried over, are set to resume in Switzerland in August – will an agreement finally be reached this time?] | 2025 | 玉木祥子 [Shoko Tamaki] | This article from Asahi Shimbun reports on the ongoing international negotiations for a treaty to combat plastic pollution. Following an inconclusive meeting in South Korea, discussions are set to resume in Switzerland in August with the aim of reaching a consensus. Key areas of disagreement include regulating plastic production, specific problematic products, and financial support mechanisms, despite a general agreement on the need to address plastic waste. |
| News Story | INC-5.3: Where the global plastics treaty talks stand, and why this meeting matters | 2026 | International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) | This article explains that the INC-5.3 meeting, held in February 2026, was a critical "resumption" of negotiations to break the deadlock that had stalled the Global Plastics Treaty. The session's primary significance lay in the election of a new Chair and the establishment of a clear roadmap to finalize the treaty's text by the end of 2026, following the failure to reach a consensus in Busan in late 2024. The article highlights that the stakes remain high as delegates grapple with the "upstream" vs. "downstream" debate—specifically, whether the treaty should legally mandate caps on plastic production or focus solely on waste management and recycling. This meeting served as a vital diplomatic reset, aiming to transform a fragmented draft into a cohesive, legally binding instrument that can effectively address the full lifecycle of plastic pollution. |
| Book | Planetary Health: Protecting Nature to Protect Ourselves | 2020 | Howard Frumkin(editor), Samuel Myers(editor) | This book provides an introduction to Planetary Health. With an interdisciplinary approach, the book addresses a wide range of health impacts felt in the Anthropocene, including food and nutrition, infectious disease, non-communicable disease, dislocation and conflict, and mental health. It also presents strategies to combat environmental changes and its ill-effects, such as controlling toxic exposures, investing in clean energy, improving urban design, and more. |
| Portal Site | Medicine for a Changing Planet | n.d. | Stanford Center for Innovation in Global Health, University of Washington | This website highlights the critical link between environmental shifts and human health, noting the emergence of novel disease patterns and increased health risks due to issues like climate change and pollution. It emphasizes the necessity for health professionals to adapt their practices in diagnosis, treatment, and advocacy to address these evolving challenges, including the impact of events like wildfires and extreme weather on their patients. Supported by Stanford and the University of Washington, the website offers educational materials to prepare the medical community for these unprecedented global health concerns. |
| Essay/Review | Private actors and governance for planetary health equity | 2025 | Sharon Friel | This Lancet editorial discusses the increasing role of private philanthropy in global health governance, particularly as governments potentially withdraw from international organizations. It raises concerns about whether the influence of these powerful, unelected private actors, driven by market ideologies and efficiency, could undermine planetary health equity. The editorial highlights potential conflicts between private interests and the necessary systemic changes to address climate change and health disparities. |
| Article | The determinants of planetary health: an Indigenous consensus perspective | 2022 | Redvers, Nicole et al. | This article conceptualises the determinants of planetary health from a perspective that embodied Indigenous-specific methods of knowledge gathering from around the globe. Three overarching levels of interconnected determinants, in addition to ten individual-level determinants, were identified as being integral to the health and sustainability of the planet. |
| Portal Site | Eramus+ ePlanet | n.d. | University Medical Center Utrecht, Karolinska Institutet, Ghent University, Charité, Superbuff | This Eramus+ project provides educational resources on planetary health that can easily be integrated into several educational contexts or format. The central element of the project is the Eramus+ ePlanet game, which introduces planetary health topics through gamification. |
| Book | Planetary Health - Laws, Policies and Science on the 'One Health' Approach | 2025 | Giovanni Antonelli, Fabrizio Penna, Eeshan Chaturvedi, Antonio Cilento | This book offers a multidisciplinary and in-depth analysis of the One Health approach. Cognizant of the need for multidisciplinary research to address complex health challenges at the national and international level, the book combines legal, public policy and medical perspectives on the One Health approach, exploring e.g. the role of biodiversity, human rights, trade agreements, indigenous knowledge, and climate change mitigation and adaptation. |
| Portal Site | Global Consortium on Climate and Health Education Courses | n.d. | Columbia Mailman School of Public Health | This site from the Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, under the auspices of the Global Consortium on Climate and Health Education (GCCHE), offers free, live-virtual courses focused on the intersection of climate change and public health. These courses, developed in collaboration with partners, aim to educate professionals from various fields and inspire action within their communities. The site also provides information about upcoming and past courses, including details on their schedules and how to access recordings. |
| Report | State of the Global Climate Change 2024 | 2025 | World Meteorological Association | The publication provides a summary on the state of climate indicators in 2024 with sections on extreme events and impacts, such tropical cyclones and wind storms, flooding, drought and extreme heat and cold events. The publication also provides most recent finding on climate related risks and impacts including on food security and population displacement. |
| Article | Widespread outdoor exposure to uncompensable heat stress with warming | 2024 | Yuanchao Fan, Kaighin A. McColl | This article investigates the increasing risk of uncompensable heat stress outdoors due to global warming, focusing on vulnerable populations like farmers and those who collect drinking water. Their findings indicate that even with moderate warming, millions engaged in essential outdoor work will face several days annually where such activities would need to occur at night or in the early morning to avoid dangerous heat exposure, emphasizing the significant impact of solar radiation on this growing threat. |
| Article | The health impacts of climate-related migration | 2018 | Patricia Schwerdtle, Kathryn Bowen, Celia McMichael | This paper examines the links between climate change, migration, and health, considering diverse migration responses, including immobility, forced displacement and planned migration, as well as the associated health risks and opportunities in different contexts. Using case studies, the paper illustrates strategies to reduce the health risks associated with climate change-related migration. |
| Article | Core Competencies of the Public Health Workforce in Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events Preparedness, Response, and Recovery: A Scoping Review | 2024 | Thierry Perreault-Carranza, Vivian Ni, Jonathan Savoie, Jacob Saucier, et al. | This academic review explores the core competencies for public health professionals in addressing the growing challenges of climate change and extreme weather events. The authors conducted a scoping review of existing literature to identify essential skills, training methods, and assessment approaches needed for preparedness, response, and recovery in this critical area. Their findings highlight key themes such as the science of climate change, its health consequences, and necessary transformative actions, ultimately aiming to inform the development of better training programs for the public health workforce. |
| Article | Enhancing health resilience in Japan in a changing climate | 2023 | Yoonhee Kim et al. | This paper explores Japan's efforts to enhance health resilience in the face of a changing climate. It begins by outlining the climate change impacts observed and projected in Japan, such as heat-related illnesses, infectious diseases, and the consequences of extreme weather events, specifically considering the nation's super-aged society as a unique vulnerability. The core of the text then details the adaptation strategies and measures implemented by the Japanese government with a focus on mitigating heat-related health risks. Finally, it discusses the challenges and future directions, emphasizing the need for comprehensive, cross-sectoral approaches and further research to ensure effective and sustainable health protection in a warming climate. |
| Report | Infrastructure for Planetary Health | 2025 | Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank | The report advocates for a paradigm shift in infrastructure development, urging that projects prioritize health, climate, and nature to enhance well-being and environmental sustainability. It highlights key investment areas such as resilient healthcare, green infrastructure, and nature-based solutions, emphasizing the interconnectedness of planetary and human health. |
| Article | The influence of climate change on mental health in populations of the western Pacific region: An umbrella scoping review | 2023 | Aikaterini Vafeiadou et al. | This scientific review examines the existing research on how climate change impacts the mental health of people living in the Western Pacific Region. The authors systematically looked at previous review articles to identify connections between climate-related events like droughts, floods, and typhoons, and various mental health outcomes, including well-being and disorders such as PTSD. By synthesizing the findings across different countries like Australia, China, and Pacific Island nations, the study highlights the unique challenges faced by specific populations, such as farmers and indigenous communities, and underscores the need for targeted mental health support and further research in this vulnerable region. |
| Article | The environment in global health governance: an analysis of environment-related resolutions adopted at the World Health Assembly from 1948 to 2023 | 2025 | Mylan Evrard et al. | This research article investigates how environmental issues have been integrated into global health governance by analyzing resolutions adopted at the World Health Assembly (WHA) from 1948 to 2023. The study employs systematic text analysis and network analysis to track the evolution of environment-related resolutions, their connections to each other and to other health topics, and the involvement of various international entities. The findings reveal a growing, yet not fully integrated, recognition of the environment as a key determinant of health, highlighting areas for stronger cross-sectoral collaboration in global health policy. |
| Report | Advancing and Integrating Climate and Health Policies: Insights from Six Geographies | 2025 | Ettinger, J., et al. (Center for Climate Change Communication) | This report funded by the Wellcome Trust examines the intersection of climate change and public health policies across six regions: Brazil, the Caribbean, Germany, Kenya, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Through interviews with high-level stakeholders in climate, health, and related sectors, the study identifies the current level of integration between these policy areas, stakeholders' views on ideal integration, existing barriers, potential opportunities, and effective strategies for advancing a more unified approach. |
| Article | Communicating with policy makers about climate change, health, and their intersection: a scoping review | 2025 | Ettinger, J., et al. (Center for Climate Change Communication) | This scoping review seeks to understand existing research on effectively communicating with policymakers about public health issues related to climate change. Their analysis of 139 studies identified key communication strategies, such as tailoring messages, sharing concise evidence, and building relationships, while also highlighting a research gap in understanding how to best communicate the climate-health nexus to policymakers, particularly in lower-income countries, and they offer strategic questions for communicators to consider. |
| Report | Effective Advocacy and Communication Strategies at the Intersection of Climate Change and Health | 2023 | Uppalapati, S., et al. (Center for Climate Change Communication) | This report systematically examines public understanding of the intersection between climate change and human health, how different audiences respond to health-framed information about climate change, and the potential of engaging health professionals and public officials as key actors in communication and advocacy. The review identifies effective strategies for raising awareness and promoting action, highlights existing research gaps, and proposes a future research agenda to further strengthen climate-health engagement across diverse populations and sectors. |
| Portal Site | PlanetaryHealth.Now | n.d. | University of Helsinki Massive Open Online Courses | This portal site offers an online course to explore the profound links between human-caused environmental changes and global health. The curriculum covers the impacts of climate change, pollution, and biodiversity loss on human wellbeing while examining the sustainability of healthcare and food systems. Using a variety of media—including videos, podcasts, and interactive scenarios—the course encourages students to apply "Planetary Health thinking" to develop solutions centered on equity, justice, and systemic transformation. It is structured into six chapters, moving from foundational definitions to practical strategies for mitigation and professional reflection. |
| Article | How to eat well and within Earth’ｓimits | 2026 | Johan Rockström | This article is a practical guide based on the landmark findings of the EAT-Lancet Commission, which defines the "Planetary Health Diet"—a win-win solution for both human longevity and environmental sustainability. This resource outlines a nutritional framework that increases plant-based foods, such as fruits, vegetables, legumes, and whole grains, while significantly reducing the consumption of red meat and sugar to stay within the Earth's regenerative boundaries. By bridging the gap between clinical nutrition and environmental science, it demonstrates how individual dietary choices can collectively mitigate climate change, preserve biodiversity, and reduce the global burden of non-communicable diseases and offers a roadmap for a resilient and equitable global food system. |
| Declaration | The EAT–Lancet Commission on healthy, sustainable, and just food systems | 2025 | Johan Rockström et al | This comission represents a landmark scientific consensus that defines the first quantitative global targets for a "Planetary Health Diet," designed to feed a projected population of 10 billion people by 2050 within planetary boundaries. This comprehensive framework concludes that a transformation of global food systems is essential, advocating for a diet that doubles the consumption of healthy foods like fruits, vegetables, legumes, and nuts, while requiring a greater than 50% reduction in global consumption of less healthy foods such as added sugars and red meat. By integrating human health requirements with environmental sustainability targets—including greenhouse gas emissions, water use, and biodiversity loss—the Commission provides a rigorous, science-based path for a just transition toward a food system that can prevent millions of premature deaths annually while safeguarding the stability of the Earth’s ecosystem. |
| Book | プラネタリーヘルス入門 地球と人類の健康のためにできること [An Introduction to Planetary Health: What We Can Do for the Health of the Earth and Humanity] | 2026 | 國井修 [Kunii Osamu] | This book serves as a comprehensive Japanese guide to the burgeoning field of Planetary Health, emphasizing that human survival is inextricably linked to the vitality of the Earth’s natural systems. Drawing on the author’s extensive experience in international global health, the book elucidates how anthropogenic disruptions—such as climate change, biodiversity loss, and ocean acidification—trigger profound health crises, including infectious disease outbreaks and food insecurity. It introduces a wide array of innovative problem-solving frameworks and strategic approaches, detailing actionable initiatives that span from international policy and national governance to regional and individual efforts to safeguard the collective health of the biosphere. |
| Portal Site | Doughnut Evonomies Action Lab | n.d. | Doughnut Economics Action Lab | This portal site provides an overview of Doughnut Economics, which presents a 21st-century economic mindset designed to meet the needs of all people within the means of the living planet, conceptualized by economist Kate Raworth. The "Doughnut" model consists of two concentric rings: a social foundation to ensure no one falls short on life's essentials, and an ecological ceiling based on planetary boundaries to prevent environmental destabilization. By shifting the global focus from endless GDP growth to a regenerative and distributive economy, the framework aims to move humanity into a "safe and just space" where both people and the planet can thrive. Furthermore, this website provides tools for and stories of implementing Doughnut Economics across the globe, supporting a growing movement of practitioners. |
| Report | Is Doughnut Economics a Means towards Achieving Planetary Health? | 2022 | Jonathan Ramakrishna | This report explores the symbiotic relationship between Doughnut Economics and Planetary Health, positioning the former as a practical economic roadmap to achieve the latter. It argues that while Planetary Health identifies the critical thresholds of Earth’s ecosystems and their direct links to human wellbeing, Doughnut Economics provides the necessary "compass" to navigate these boundaries by restructuring global systems to be distributive and regenerative. By analyzing the overlap between the Doughnut’s social foundation and ecological ceiling, the paper suggests that Raworth’s model serves as a vital tool for policymakers to transition from growth-centric paradigms toward a holistic "thriving" state. Ultimately, it frames Doughnut Economics not just as a financial theory, but as a fundamental operational framework for safeguarding the biological and social systems that underpin global health. |
| Review | Pollution and health: a progress updateSão Paulo Declaration on Planetary Health | 2022 | Fuller et al. , Planetary Health Alliance (Principal Organizer) | This review provides a critical follow-up to the 2015 Lancet Commission on Pollution and Health, revealing that pollution remains responsible for approximately 9 million deaths per year—one in six deaths globally. While deaths from extreme poverty-related pollution (such as household air and water pollution) have declined, these gains are being offset by a substantial rise in deaths attributable to "modern" forms of pollution, specifically ambient air pollution and toxic chemical pollution. The report emphasizes that pollution, climate change, and biodiversity loss are closely linked "planetary crises" that disproportionately affect low-income and middle-income countries. It calls for an urgent, systematic transition to clean, renewable energy and a massive global scale-up in funding and political priority to address pollution as a fundamental threat to both human health and planetary stability.This declaration is a global call to action that outlines the urgent systemic shifts required to safeguard human health and the Earth’s microbial, plant, and animal life. Developed by a diverse global community and hosted by the Planetary Health Alliance, the declaration emphasizes that the current "Great Transition" requires moving beyond incremental changes toward a fundamental restructuring of how we live, consume, and govern. It identifies specific pathways for stakeholders—including governments, corporations, health professionals, and educators—to transition from exploitative systems to regenerative ones that prioritize equity and ecological integrity. By centering the interconnectedness of all life, the declaration serves as a foundational policy roadmap for achieving a "safe and just" future, urging a global commitment to planetary stewardship to prevent the catastrophic collapse of the biological systems that underpin human civilization. |
| Article | A safe opereating space for humanity | 2009 | Johan Rockström | This study defines nine "Planetary Boundaries"—such as climate change and biodiversity loss—that maintain the Earth's stability, warning that pushing past these scientific thresholds risks triggering irreversible environmental shifts. For Planetary Health, this framework serves as the definitive medical chart for the Earth; it shifts the focus of medicine from merely treating individual patients to protecting the global ecosystems that underpin all human health, proving that we cannot have healthy people on a dying planet. |
| Portal Site | Planetary Health Check | n.d. | Planetary Boundaries Science Lab at Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research | This website is a scientific platform and global monitoring tool launched by Planetary Boundaries Science (PBScience)—a consortium including the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research and the Stockholm Resilience Centre. It serves as an open-access "Earth health monitoring panel" that transitions the Planetary Boundaries framework from static academic papers to a dynamic, near-real-time diagnostic system, providing policymakers and the public with a transparent view of the planet’s vital life-support systems. |
| Report | Planetary Health Check 2025, A Scientific Assessment of the State of the Planet | 2025 | Planetary Boundaries Science Lab at Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research | This report is the inaugural annual assessment that quantifies the current state of all nine planetary boundaries, revealing the alarming conclusion that seven out of the nine boundaries have now been transgressed. A key finding of the 2025 report is that Ocean Acidification has officially crossed the safety threshold, joining climate change, biodiversity loss, and others in the "high-risk" zone, thereby underscoring a rapid decline in the Earth system's resilience and the critical need for immediate, systemic global intervention. |
| Recommendation | マイクロプラスチックによる水環境汚染の生態・健康影響研究の必要性とプラスチックのガバナンス [The Need for Research into the Ecological and Health Impacts of Microplastic Pollution in Aquatic Environments and Plastic Governance] | 2020 | Science Council of Japan | This recommendation addresses the urgent global threat posed by microplastic contamination in aquatic environments. It emphasizes the critical need to accelerate interdisciplinary research to elucidate the potential risks to ecosystems and human health through the food chain, highlighting the necessity of establishing standardized measurement methods and robust toxicity assessments. Furthermore, it advocates for a paradigm shift in plastic management—moving beyond simple waste disposal to a comprehensive life-cycle governance approach. It underscores the importance of international legal frameworks and the transition toward a circular economy to effectively mitigate the pervasive impact of microplastics on both the environment and public health. |
| Article | 気候変動と感染症：プラネタリーヘルスの視点から [Climate Change and Infectious Diseases: A Planetary Health Perspective] | 2025 | 橋爪真弘 [Masahiro Hashizume] | This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the profound impacts of climate change on the dynamics of infectious diseases through the lens of Planetary Health. The paper elucidates how rising temperatures and shifting precipitation patterns are expanding the habitats of vectors like mosquitoes and ticks, thereby increasing the global risk of diseases such as dengue fever and malaria. It further examines complex interactions, including the surge in waterborne diseases following extreme weather events and the increased risk of zoonotic spillovers due to ecosystem disruption. By framing human health as inextricably linked to the integrity of Earth's natural systems, the author underscores that strengthening adaptation measures alone is insufficient, calling for a fundamental societal transformation to reduce environmental footprints. |
| Article | 地球の健康、社会の健康、人間の健康[The Health of the Planet, the Health of Society, and Human Health] | 2024 | 寳金 清博 [Kiyohiro Houkin] | This study advocates for a paradigm shift in modern medicine, viewing health through three interconnected layers: Planetary Health, Social Health, and Human Health. He emphasizes that in the face of global crises such as climate change and pandemics, academic institutions and medical societies must integrate interdisciplinary knowledge to lead societal transformation. In an era of highly specialized medicine, it calls for a return to "holistic perspectives" and a redefinition of wellbeing to ensure a sustainable future for all. |
| Report | Climate-Health Messages Build Support for Climate Action | 2026 | WellcomeTrust, CORE | This report is based on a randomized controlled trial conducted between September and October 2025, covering more than 30,000 respondents across Brazil, India, Japan, and South Africa. While the issues of greatest concern vary by country, the majority of citizens in all four nations are calling on their governments to take stronger action on climate and health, demonstrating that health-focused communication is an effective approach to building support for climate policy. |
| International Organization | Decarbonizing the healthcare supply chain strategic actions for health systems | 2025 | World Health Organization (WHO) | Published by WHO's Climate Change and Health team in December 2025, this report provides practical guidance for health systems seeking to decarbonize their supply chains by changing the way they select, procure, and use goods and services. It also aims to promote greater alignment in sustainable procurement practices across health systems in order to amplify decarbonization efforts and accelerate collective action. The report is intended for a broad range of stakeholders, including ministries of health, national health agencies, procurement teams, regional health systems, healthcare suppliers, and civil society organizations. |
| International Organization | Measuring greenhouse gas emissions in health systems | 2025 | World Health Organization (WHO) | Published by WHO's Climate Change and Health team in December 2025, this report establishes a common approach to measuring greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in health systems, while also outlining how health systems can build the internal capabilities needed to measure their emissions consistently and effectively over time. Noting that the health sector accounts for approximately 5% of global emissions, the report argues that rigorous emissions measurement is essential to credible decarbonization planning, enabling target-setting, identification of emissions hotspots, design of interventions, public accountability, and progress tracking — all aligned with international standards and best practice. |
| Report | Smart Buys: High-Value Actions for Health Sector Adaptation | 2025 | World Bank, Inter-American Development Bank, KfW | Developed jointly by the World Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank, and KfW, this report identifies eight high-value, cost-beneficial actions to strengthen health sector adaptation and resilience in the face of intensifying climate change, with a particular focus on low- and middle-income countries. The eight priority actions are: Implemented Heat Action Plans, Integrated Surveillance and Early Warning and Response Systems, Climate-Resilient Health Infrastructure, Drone-Based Medical Supply Chain Delivery, Community Health Worker-Led Climate-Health Education, Text-Based Telehealth Services for Climate-Affected Populations, Mental Health Services for Climate-Affected Populations, and Mosquito Vector Control. The report also highlights proven, cost-effective clinical interventions from the Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition, and is intended as a practical resource for countries seeking to translate climate-health commitments into measurable investments and actions. |
G7 Policy Documents
| Country | Type | Title | Year | Author/Publisher | Abstract |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Canada | National strategy | Canada's 2030 Nature Strategy | 2024 | Environment and Climate Change Canada | The strategy outlines the nation's plan to halt and reverse biodiversity loss by the year 2030. It establishes a shared vision and roadmap, acknowledging the deep connection Canadians have with nature and the urgent threat posed by declining biodiversity. By addressing drivers of biodiversity loss, restoring ecosystems, protecting species, and promoting sustainable use, the strategy aims for a nature-positive future that supports ecological integrity, human well-being, and economic prosperity. |
| Canada | Departmental plan | Environment and Climate Change Canada’s 2026–27 Departmental plan | 2026 | Environment and Climate Change Canada | This page outlines a strategic roadmap to accelerate Canada's transition toward a net-zero, nature-positive future as a foundation for long-term public health amidst a rapidly shifting global economy. Building on the foundations of the 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan, the 2026–27 fiscal year prioritizes a regionally responsive approach to climate policy, aiming to catalyze private sector investment in decarbonization and clean technologies while enhancing national competitiveness and human resilience. Key commitments include advancing the National Biodiversity Strategy to protect 30% of lands and oceans by 2030—safeguarding the vital ecosystem services that sustain life—implementing the Clean Electricity Regulations, and addressing pollution through a circular plastics economy to reduce environmental health risks. Furthermore, the plan emphasizes the delivery of world-class weather and climate services as essential public health interventions to bolster emergency management and climate resilience, integrating scientific evidence with Indigenous-led conservation and distinctions-based climate initiatives to ensure a healthy, sustainable and secure environment for all Canadians. |
| Canada | Report | Climate Science 2050 | 2020, 2024 | Environment and Climate Change Canada | The Climate Science 2050 report was developed under the leadership of Environment and Climate Change Canada, summarizing the results of two years of extensive engagement with more than 500 climate program leaders across federal departments and agencies and provincial and territorial governments, as well as academics and experts from the Canadian community of climate change science, and Indigenous organizations and scholars. It identifies the science priorities—across various disciplines, from carbon cycle and Earth system science to impacts on health, infrastructure, and biodiversity—to inform science investments needed now for science results over the next six years (to 2030), and to guide ongoing science coordination. |
| Canada | Policy | Canadian Net-Zero Emissions Accountability Act | 2021 | Government of Canada | The Canadian Net-Zero Emissions Accountability Act enshrines in legislation the Government of Canada’s commitment to achieve net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, and provides a framework of accountability and transparency to deliver on it. |
| Canada | Policy | 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan | 2022 | Government of Canada | The 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan is an ambitious and achievable roadmap that outlines a sector-by-sector path for Canada to reach its emissions reduction target of 40% below 2005 levels by 2030 and net-zero emissions by 2050. |
| Canada | Report | 2025 Progress Report on the 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan | 2025 | Government of Canada | This report provides a comprehensive update on Canada’s trajectory toward its ambitious goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 40–45% below 2005 levels by 2030, a target essential for safeguarding the environmental determinants of human health. As a key framework within the G7, the report highlights significant strides in clean economy investments, the tightening of carbon pricing systems, and stringent methane regulations—all of which serve to reduce the toxic burden on our atmosphere and mitigate climate-related health crises. While acknowledging that implemented policies are successfully driving emissions downward and lowering the risks of extreme weather events, the report emphasizes that achieving the "Great Transition" to net-zero requires sustained policy momentum and deeper collaboration with provincial governments, Indigenous partners, and the private sector to ensure long-term public health integrity, environmental stability, and economic resilience. |
| Canada | Policy | A Healthy Environment and a Healthy Economy | 2020 | Government of Canada | A Healthy Environment and a Healthy Economy" is the federal plan to build a better future with a healthier economy and environment. It is a key pillar in the Government’s commitment to create jobs, restoring employment to pre-pandemic levels – of which climate action and clean growth is a cornerstone. It builds on the Pan-Canadian Framework on Clean Growth and Climate Change, announced in December 2016. |
| Canada | Framework | Pan-Canadian Framework on Clean Growth and Climate Change | 2016 | Government of Canada | This framework outlines Canada's strategy to simultaneously reduce greenhouse gas emissions and foster economic growth. It establishes a collaborative approach built upon four main pillars: pricing carbon pollution, implementing complementary actions to further cut emissions across various sectors, enacting measures to adapt to the impacts of climate change and enhance resilience, and supporting clean technology innovation and job creation. The framework details specific actions within each pillar, emphasizes the importance of engaging Indigenous Peoples, and commits to transparent reporting and ongoing review to ensure Canada meets its climate targets under the Paris Agreement. |
| France | National strategy | France Global Health Strategy 2023-2027 | 2023 | French Government | The new Health Strategy aims to help reduce health inequalities and strengthen the One Health approach to better prevent and prepare for future global health emergencies. It urges the global community to address the health consequences of climate change and the environmental impact on health systems. |
| France | National strategy | Ecological planning of the healthcare system - Roadmap (May 2023) [French only] | 2023 | French Government | This document outlines a strategic roadmap for the ecological transition of France's healthcare system. Initiated by the Prime Minister, it acknowledges the urgent need to reduce the significant environmental impact of the health sector. The ultimate purpose is to guide the healthcare system towards carbon neutrality by 2050 and to foster a more sustainable, resilient, and environmentally conscious approach to healthcare delivery. |
| France | National strategy | Third National Climate Change Adaptation Plan (PNACC3) [French only] | 2024 | French Government | France's strategy for adapting to climate change, particularly anticipating the impacts of a potential 4°C temperature increase by 2100. It outlines a series of mitigation and adaptation strategies such as ensuring the resilience of essential services, adapting human activities like agriculture and industry, and mobilizing various sectors of society. |
| France | National strategy | An Environment, One Health: 4th National Environment and Health Plan (2021-2025) [French only] | 2021 | French Government | The French government's strategy to address the critical links between environmental quality and public health under the "One Health" principle. The plan focuses on enhancing public knowledge and professional training on environmental health, reducing harmful environmental exposures across the nation, boosting local initiatives driven by communities, and improving scientific understanding of the connections between environmental factors and health outcomes. |
| Germany | Portal site | Action Programme Environment and Health (APUG) | n.d. | German Government | The Action Programme Environment and Health (APUG) is an initiative by the German government. It was created to integrate environmental and health considerations into policy-making processes. APUG fosters collaboration between the Federal Ministry for the Environment and the Federal Ministry of Health, along with other agencies, to address issues at the intersection of environmental sustainability and public health. |
| Germany | National strategy | Global Health Strategy of the German Federal Government | 2020 | German Government | This document outlines the global health strategy of the German Federal Government for the period of 2020 to 2030. The overarching aim is to ensure Germany's effective and sustainable contribution to improving the health of all people worldwide by addressing global health challenges through joint international action and in alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals. Importantly, it recognizes that climate change and the environment affects health systems. |
| Germany | National strategy | German Sustainable Development Strategy (DNS) - 2025 Edition | 2025 | German Government | Germany’s Sustainable Development Strategy (DNS) for 2025 is a concrete national action plan aimed at achieving the 2030 Agenda. This edition reinforces the planetary health perspective, which directly integrates environmental limits into socio-economic planning; it goes beyond mere climate targets to aim for a systemic transformation encompassing energy, the circular economy and sustainable agriculture. A key feature is that it defines the path to climate neutrality through specific domestic indicators and governance structures, in order to safeguard the biological foundations that underpin human health. By prioritising six areas of transformation – human well-being, energy, the circular economy, construction and transport, food systems, and zero environmental pollution – it provides a legal and budgetary framework for the federal government to reconcile the stability of the Earth’s ecosystems with national prosperity. |
| Germany | Policy Review | Voluntary National Review (VNR) 2025 | 2025 | German Government | The 2025 Voluntary National Review (VNR) for Germany serves as an official accountability mechanism to the UN, explicitly integrating the Planetary Health framework as a cornerstone of international responsibility. Moving beyond domestic achievement tracking, the VNR emphasizes mitigating "negative spillover effects"—where German consumption impacts ecosystems and public health in other nations. It identifies the Triple Planetary Crisis (climate change, biodiversity loss, and pollution) as a primary driver of global health inequities and showcases Germany’s leadership in international health diplomacy to bolster climate-resilient health systems in low- and middle-income countries. By framing Planetary Health not just as a theory but as a prerequisite for Global Health Equity, the report positions the integrity of Earth’s natural systems as inseparable from human survival and wellbeing on a worldwide scale. |
| Italy | Policy review | Italy implements the One Health approach (National health prevention system from environmental and climate risks) through the establishment of a co-ordination mechanism | 2023 | European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies (World Health Organization) | Italy's National System for Health Prevention of Environmental and Climate Risks (SNPS) was established under Legislative Decree 36/2022. This system integrates health and environmental protection by coordinating with the National System for Environmental Protection (SNPA). The aim is to address health impacts arising from environmental and climate risks, aligning with the "One Health" approach. |
| Italy | Departmental plan | National Prevention Plan 2020-2025 [Italian only] | 2020 | Italian Ministry of Health | This document serves as a strategic framework to guide public health interventions across the country. The plan also seeks to integrate environmental considerations into health policies and vice versa, aiming for a healthier and more sustainable future. |
| Italy | Policy review | Voluntary Review of the National Sustainable Development Strategy (NSDS) 2017-2030 | 2017 | Italian Ministry for the Environment Land and Sea; Directorate-General for Sustainable Development, Environmental Damage and International Affiars - Division I | This document is Italy's National Sustainable Development Strategy (NSDS) for 2017-2030, outlining the nation's plan to align with the United Nations' 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. It details Italy's methodological approach, the outcomes of a multilevel consultation process, and the strategy's structure, which is organized around the five key areas of the 2030 Agenda: People, Planet, Prosperity, Peace, and Partnership. It highlights integrated approaches where sustainable food systems, biodiversity conservation, and the reduction of air pollution directly contribute to preventing non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and enhancing quality of life. By defining "Natural Capital" as a vital life-support system rather than a mere resource, Italy’s strategy aligns with the core philosophy of Planetary Health—ensuring that staying within environmental limits is the only way to safeguard the health of both current and future generations. |
| Italy | National strategy | National Plan for Complementary Investments - CNP [Italian only] | 2021 | Italian government | The National Plan for Complementary Investments (CNP) is an Italian government initiative which supports missions such as green transition, digitalization, sustainable mobility, education, social inclusion, and health, aligning with Italy's broader sustainability and development goals. |
| United Kingdom | Portal site | Greener NHS programme | n.d. | Nationa Health Service (NHS) England | The NHS aims to become the world’s first net-zero health service by 2040 for emissions it directly controls and by 2045 for its supply chain. It's initiatives include transitioning to renewable energy sources, electrifying transport fleets, promoting plant-based diets in hospitals, and retrofitting buildings for energy efficiency. |
| United Kingdom | Policy | Climate Change Act 2008 | 2008 | UK Government | This legislation mandates the UK government to assess climate risks every five years and develop a National Adaptation Programme (NAP) to address these risks, including those affecting health and wellbeing. |
| United Kingdom | Article | Climate and health: applying All Our Health | 2022 | Office for Health Improvement & Disparities, United Kingdom | This guide is part of All Our Health, a resource which helps health and care professionals prevent ill health and promote wellbeing as part of their everyday practice. The guidance provided can be used to help frontline health and care professionals use their trusted relationships with patients, families and communities to reduce the contribution of the health and care system to the climate crisis. |
| United Kingdom | Report | Our Planet, Our Health | 2019 | Environmental Audit Committee (EAC), UK Parliament | The report highlights the extent to which climate change could affect the health and well-being of the UK's population. The Planetary Health inquiry considered the effect of environmental damage and climate change on health, food security, life in cities and air quality. |
| United Kingdom | Policy recommendation | 2025 Climate and Health Policy Priorities for United Kingdom | 2025 | Lancet Countdown and the UK Health Alliance on Climate Change. | The document summarizes urgent actions required to mitigate the escalating health risks of climate change within the UK. The report identifies three primary pillars: accelerating a just clean-energy transition to eliminate fossil fuel dependence and reduce air pollution; transforming food systems by promoting plant-rich diets to improve public health and food security; and significantly increasing protected, ring-fenced adaptation funding to ensure health system resilience against extreme weather. It warns that volatile fossil fuel markets are exacerbating fuel poverty and respiratory diseases, and emphasizes that integrating health into all climate policies—such as energy-efficient housing and active travel—is essential to protect the population and strengthen the UK economy in the 21st century. |
| United Kingdom | Report | Health Effects of Climate Change (HECC) in the UK: State of the evidence 2023 | 2023 | UK Health Security Agency | This document summarizes the evidence detailing how climate change is currently and will continue to impact the health of the UK population. The report compiles findings from numerous experts, with the purpose of informing policy and public health actions aimed at safeguarding the health and wellbeing of people in the UK in the face of the ongoing climate crisis. |
| United States | Policy | S. 1229 - Green New Deal for Health Act - currently under legislative process | 2023 | US Congress | This bill proposes programs and requirements to mitigate the health effects of climate change and environmental effects of the health care sector, particularly on vulnerable populations. |
| United States | Policy | Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) | 2022 | US Congress | The Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) of 2022 is a landmark U.S. law that addresses climate change, healthcare affordability, and economic growth. It allocates $369 billion to clean energy and climate initiatives, making it the largest federal investment in combating climate change in U.S. history. The act aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 33–40% below 2005 levels by 2030 through measures such as tax credits for renewable energy technologies, electric vehicles (EVs), and energy-efficient home upgrades. It also supports clean hydrogen production, carbon capture technologies, and methane reduction programs while investing in domestic manufacturing of clean energy technologies. Additionally, the IRA includes significant healthcare reforms. |
| United States | Departmental plan | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Agency-wide Climate and Health Task Force | 2022 | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), United States | This document is the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) strategic framework for addressing the public health impacts of climate change. It outlines the mission and vision of the Agency-wide Climate and Health Task Force, emphasizing a cross-cutting, multidisciplinary approach focused on health equity and environmental justice. |
| Japan | National strategy | Global Health Strategy of Japan | 2022 | Headquarters for Healthcare Policy, Japan | This document outlines Japan's approach to building a resilient Global Health Architecture for international health security and achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC) worldwide. It details concrete actions across various domains, including collaborations with international organizations, the private sector, and academia, as well as efforts to address specific health issues, climate change, and technological innovation, all aiming to promote a sustainable and inclusive global society. |
| Japan | National strategy | The National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan of Japan 2023-2030: The Roadmap to Realizing Nature-Positive by 2030 | 2023 | Ministry of the Environment, Japan | Recognizing the interconnectedness of biodiversity with climate change, human well-being, and economic stability, the plan establishes action-oriented and state-oriented targets to guide efforts across various sectors, including government, businesses, and citizens, to conserve and sustainably use natural capital. |
| EU | Portal Site | Planetary Health Cluster | n.d. | European Comission | The Planetary Health Cluster is a major European research portal and collaborative hub funded by the European Union’s Horizon Europe program. It integrates several key research projects—such as PLANET4HEALTH, MOSAIC, and TULIP—to address the complex interconnections between the "Triple Planetary Crisis" (climate change, biodiversity loss, and pollution) and human health. By synthesizing scientific evidence from diverse fields, the cluster aims to develop advanced predictive models, early warning systems, and evidence-based policy recommendations to protect public health within planetary boundaries. As a central platform, it facilitates knowledge exchange among researchers, policymakers, and civil society, serving as a critical engine for implementing the Planetary Health framework into EU-wide environmental and health strategies. |
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